I can't see that the data was standardised for age cohorts. You particularly want to know about proportions of young males when looking at violent crime, since the rates appear to be simply "per 100,000" persons. A society with more young males will have more crime, even if ethnic composition doesn't change--which it certainly has in the UK and in many US cities. 
 
As for murder rates, I can assure you that trauma care in large and medium city hospitals in N. America is a hell of a lot better now than it was just a few decades ago.

You really don't have much causality at all in human history, in the sense of single-factor necessary or sufficient causes.  
 
Perhaps that is why the reasons for economic hardship in Mao's China, Pol Pot's Cambodia, Castro's Cuba, Eastern Europe under the USSR, and Kim's North Korea are not related.

Very interesting point, kjs. Christianity in India taking on Hindu forms implies malleability--the freedom to evolve. Something similar happens to Christianity in Africa, and if the comment above is to be believed, the same happens to Islam in Africa. 
 
Islam is badly in need of radical fragmentation and decentralisation, a la the protestant reformation in Christianity. This will happen when the Persian Gulf sponsors and quasi-enforcers of fanatical Shia and Sunni Islam are impoverished by a lack of market for their only valuable commodity--oil.

When safe IQ boosting drugs appear, will they be legal? Yes, as treatment for Alzheimer's, schizophrenia, depression, mental retardation, learning disorders. 
 
There is a very real possibility that the drugs will be sold on the black market inside the countries that decide to crack down on their use by "normals." When that happens, the enforcers of the anti-smart laws might have to take the drugs themselves--to keep up with the "felons" who want to make the drugs freely available to whoever can pay the tab.

If the authors are concerned about the problem of running after hundreds of hypotheses, what will they think about running after billions of seemingly independent data points? 
 
Charlton is right that the hypothesis is implicit, as in a paradigm. When the paradigm outlives its usefulness, they will come crying to Popper.

Krueger is a student? That's even worse. It means that the academic lobotomy squad is functioning well, and we can look forward to many decades more of this dysfunctional thinking.

This is only the beginning of teasing out the intricate feedback controls of gene expression. As Luke says, the complexity is trans-astronomical! 
 
Bioinformatics is pivotal to comprehending the potential interactions, and before it is all through, some type of artifical intelligence tied to supercomputers running advanced bioinformatics will be required. 
 
Unless Doug Hofstadter is right, and human brains contain the latent ability to jump up a level in complexity of thought.

High schools should incorporate vocational training as a routing part of schooling. Every high school graduate should have the skills to instantly get a job at 2-3X minimum wage. If they start earning and investing at age 18 or 19, by their late 20's or early 30's they would be in a good position to decide where to go then. 
 
Of course if they must go to medical, dental, law, business, or graduate school, they will always have practical skills that will help them along the way.