Ancient and Recent Positive Selection Transformed Opioid cis-Regulation in Humans:
…In addition, the pattern of linked nucleotide and microsatellite variation among and within modern human populations suggests that recent selection, subsequent to the fixation of the human-specific mutations and the peopling of the globe, has favored different prodynorphin cis-regulatory alleles in different parts of the world.
John Hawks has detailed commentary. Some info on cis and trans regulation.
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